(Requirements for Petitions Lodged by Highest State Organs)
A highest state organ which, in the exercise of its powers or on account of its subordinate agency's exercise of powers, considers that the applicable law is in contravention of the Constitution may lodge a petition with the Constitutional Court for a judgment declaring the impugned law unconstitutional.
A subordinate agency which, in the exercise of its powers, considers that the applicable law is in contravention of the Constitution may request its superior agency to lodge the petition referred to in the preceding Paragraph.
Paragraph 1 applies mutatis mutandis to the independent agencies which are equivalent to second-level agencies as provided for by the Basic Code Governing the Central Administrative Agencies Organizations to the extent that they independently exercise powers within their competences.

(Principle of Constitutional Petition as the Last Resort)
No petitions under the preceding Article are permissible if the relevant highest state organ can resolve the applicable law's suspected contravention of the Constitution within its competence.

(Petitions Lodged by Legislators)
A quarter or more of the incumbent Legislators who, in the exercise of their powers, believe that the relevant statutory law is in contravention of the Constitution may lodge a petition with the Constitutional Court for a judgment declaring the impugned statutory law unconstitutional.

(Contents of Pleadings Submitted by State Organs and Legislators)
Petitions under this Section shall be submitted in writing and include particulars below:
(1) in cases where the filing party is a highest state organ, the name of the petitioning organ, its representative and location; in cases where the filing parties are Legislators, the names and the domiciles or the residences thereof, and the correspondent address to which service shall be made;
(2) the name, the occupation, and the domicile or the residence of the advocate, where applicable;
(3) claims;
(4) the extent to which the impugned law contravenes the Constitution and the relevant constitutional provisions or basic rights protected under the Constitution;
(5) the grounds for the petition and the petitioner's submission; and
(6) the titles of the annexes and the number thereof.

(Declaring a Law Unconstitutional in the Holding of a Judgment)
If the Constitutional Court holds that the impugned law contravenes the Constitution, it shall declare the impugned law unconstitutional in the holding of the judgment.

(Time Limits for Voidance of Unconstitutional Laws)
The impugned law which is declared unconstitutional and is voided in a judgment shall cease to have effect from the date the judgment coming into force, unless the Constitutional Court, in the holding, declares that the impugned law is void retroactively or after a certain period of time.
In a judgment which sets a time period for the laws to lapse, the time period set for statutory laws may not exceed two years; the time period set for secondary laws may not exceed one year.

(Effect of Voidance on Pending Cases before Other Courts)
Where the applicable laws are declared void immediately or retroactively, all the cases pending in any court are to be adjudicated in accordance with the ratio decidendi of the judgment of the Constitutional Court.
The legal effect of final court decisions, except otherwise statutorily provided, will not be affected by the judgment of the Constitutional Court that declared the applicable law void immediately.
The final court decisions where the applicable laws are thereby voided retroactively may be redressed pursuant to legal procedures or the ratio decidendi of the judgment of the Constitutional Court. Where such final court decisions are criminal, the Attorney General shall file an extraordinary appeal.

(Effect of Voidance with Time Limits on Pending Cases before Other Courts)
In a judgment where a time period is set for the impugned statutory law to lapse, all courts shall, before the set time period expires, continue to apply the impugned statutory law to adjudicate cases, except otherwise declared in the holding of the said judgment. Notwithstanding, after balancing the protection of human rights and public interest, and out of necessity, the court may, on its own motion or the party's, suspend the proceedings by an order, and, upon the amendment of the impugned statutory law, resume the proceedings and adjudicate such cases in accordance with the amended law.
An order denying the motion under the preceding Paragraph is subject to interlocutory appeals.

(Petitions Lodged by Courts)
A court which strongly believes, on reasonable grounds, that an applicable statutory law on whose validity depends the court's decision of a pending case is in contravention of the Constitution may lodge a petition with the Constitutional Court for a judgment declaring the impugned applicable law unconstitutional.

(Contents of Pleadings Submitted by Courts)
Petitions under this Section shall be submitted in writing and include the particulars below:
(1) the petitioning court and the name of the petitioning judge thereof;
(2) claims;
(3) the extent to which the impugned statutory law contravenes the Constitution and the relevant constitutional provisions or basic rights protected under the Constitution;
(4) the grounds for the petition, the showing that the impugned statutory law is necessary for the decision on the pending case, and the petitioning court's submission indicating its strong belief that the impugned statutory law is unconstitutional on the basis of objective reasons; and
(5) the titles of the annexes and the number thereof.

(Suspension of Proceedings of Underlying Cases)
When the petitioning court suspends the proceedings of the underlying case by an order on the grounds that it lodges a petition with the Constitutional Court under this Section, it shall include its pleading submitted in accordance with the preceding Article in the suspension order. In case of emergency, the petitioning court may take necessary measures.

(Application mutatis mutandis of Articles 51 to 54)
Articles 51 to 54 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the cases under this Section.

(Petitions for Constitutional Complaints)
After exhaustion of all ordinary judicial remedies, any person who believes that a final court decision that ruled against her or him, or the applicable law therein, unlawfully infringes upon her or his constitutional rights and contravenes the Constitution, may lodge a petition with the Constitutional Court for a judgment declaring either the said decision, or both the said decision and the applicable law therein unconstitutional.
Petitions under the preceding Paragraph must be lodged within the peremptory period of six months starting on the next day of the date when the final court decisions were served.

(Contents of Pleadings of Constitutional Complaints)
Petitions under this Section shall be submitted in writing and include particulars below:
(1) the name, the identification document number, and the domicile or the residence of the petitioner, and the correspondent address to which service shall be made; in the case that the petitioner is a legal person or an unincorporated association, its name and location;
(2) the name, the identification document number, and the domicile or the residence of the statutory agent, the representative or the administrator, where applicable;
(3) the name, the occupation, and the domicile or the residence of the advocate, where applicable;
(4) claims;
(5) the extent to which the legal provision applied in a final court decision or the decision itself contravenes the Constitution and the relevant constitutional provisions or basic rights protected under the Constitution;
(6) the grounds for the petition and the petitioner's submission; and
(7) the relevant final court decision and the evidence which proves the observance of the peremptory period; and
(8) the titles of the annexes and the number thereof.

(Admissibility of Constitutional Complaints)
Petitions under this Section are admissible insofar as they concern principles of constitutional significance or it is necessary to satisfy the petitioners' basic rights protected under the Constitution.
The Chamber may dismiss a petition by a unanimous order for which reasons must be given; otherwise, the admissibility of the petition shall be decided by the Constitutional Court.
If three or more Justices, within 15 days after the preceding unanimous dismissal order has been made, consider that the petition is admissible, the Constitutional Court shall decide on its admissibility. The dismissal order shall otherwise be published and served on the petitioner promptly.

(Declaring a Final Court Decision or a Law Unconstitutional in the Holding of a Judgment)
If the Constitutional Court finds that the petition is well grounded, it shall declare in the holding of the judgment that the impugned final court decision is unconstitutional and thus vacated, and the matter is remanded to the competent court. If the Constitutional Court finds that the legal provision applied in such a final court decision contravenes the Constitution, it shall further declare the impugned legal provision unconstitutional.
Articles 51 and 52 shall apply mutatis mutandis to the judgments under the preceding Paragraph.

(Application mutatis mutandis of Voidance Provision)
Except otherwise provided in this Act, Articles 53 shall apply mutatis mutandis to cases where laws are voided immediately or retroactively by the Constitutional Court in the judgments under this Section.

(Application mutatis mutandis of Voidance with Time Limits Provision)
In a judgment where a time period is set for the impugned legal provision to lapse, the competent court to which the underlying case of the relevant final court decision is remanded shall decide in accordance with the ratio decidendi of the judgment of the Constitutional Court by which the impugned legal provision is declared unconstitutional, notwithstanding the time period set for the lapse of the legal provision declared unconstitutional, unless the holding of the judgment otherwise decides.
Where a legal provision is set to lapse within a time period under the preceding Paragraph, Article 54 shall apply mutatis mutandis to cases other than the relevant underlying case that are pending before each court.