Special municipalities, counties/cities, and townships/cities are local self-governing bodies that carry out self-government matters in accordance with this Act and commissioned matters commissioned by higher levels of government.

A national of the Republic of China is considered to be a constituent of the special municipality, county/city, and township/city in which their household is registered.

The rights of the constituents of special municipalities, counties/cities, and townships/cities are as follows:
1. The right to elect and recall local public officials in accordance with law.
2. The right to propose initiatives and referendums regarding self-government matters in accordance with law.
3. The right to use local public facilities.
4. The right to enjoy local education and culture, social welfare, medical treatment, and sanitation services in accordance with law and self-government laws and regulations.
5. The right to request that local government information be made public in accordance with law.
6. Other rights as bestowed by law and by self-government laws and regulations.

The duties of the constituents of special municipalities, counties/cities, and townships/cities are as follows:
1. The duty to abide by self-government laws and regulations.
2. The duty to pay local government taxes and levies.
3. Other duties as required by law and by self-government laws and regulations.