Licence and rating requirements are established for the following aircraft pilots:
(1) Private pilot-aeroplane .
(2) Commercial pilot-aeroplane .
(3) Airline transport pilot-aeroplane .
(4) Multi-crew pilot -aeroplane
(5) Private pilot-helicopter.
(6) Commercial pilot-helicopter.
(7) Airline transport pilot-helicopter.
(8) Private pilot-airship.
(9) Commercial pilot-airship.
(10) Private pilot-Free balloon.
(11) Commercial pilot- Free balloon.
(12) Private pilot-glider.
(13) Commercial pilot-glider.
(14) Flight Instructor rating.
(15) Instrument rating.
(16) Radiotelephony communications language proficiency
According to the prescription of the above item (15), applicants qualified for instrument flight rating will not be necessarily issued an instrument flight rating certificate.
For the instrument-rating-unqualified pilots, who qualified for any one of item (1) through item (7) and item (14), and pilots who qualify for any one of the above item (8) through item (13), a remark "visual flight only" is required to add onto the certificate holder's original rating.
Aircraft pilot's according to the prescription of the above item (16), Radiotelphony communications language proficiency,and complience with CAA language proficiency level 4 to 6 for radiotelephony communications, shall be endorsed within airman certificate.

The age of applicants for Aircraft pilot rating license shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Applicants for student pilots shall not be less than 18 years of age.
(2) Applicants for private pilot licence shall not be less than 18 years of age.
(3) Applicants for commercial pilot licence shall not be less than 20 years of age.
(4) Applicants for multi-crew pilot shall not be less than 20 years of age.
(5) Applicants for airline transport pilot shall not be less than 23 years of age.
(6) Except for Flight Simulation Flight simulation training device Training Device instructors, applicants for flight instructor shall not be less than 23 years of age or over 65 years of age.
When performing flight operations, the age of Commercial pilot licence holders, multi-crew pilot licence holders and airline transport pilot licence holders shall not be more than 65 years of age.
While engaged in airline transport flight operations in international-routes, pilots whose age above 60 years of age but below 65 years of age, shall not be accompanied by other pilots whose age exceeds 60 years of age on the same flight.

In order to verify aircraft pilot licence holder's knowledge and skill meet the specified requirements, it is mandatory to state the aircraft's category, class and type, the pilot is qualified for , on the aeroplane or helicopter pilot rating.
Aircraft's category ratings are:
(1) Aeroplane.
(2) Helicopter.
(3) Airship.
(4) Free balloon.
(5) Glider.
(6) Others designated by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications.
Aeroplane’s class and type ratings are:
(1) Single-engine, land.
(2) Multi-engine, land.
(3) Single-engine, sea.
(4) Multi-engine, sea.
Types of aircraft shall be those confirmed by the aviation authorities of aircraft's original manufacturer and approved by the CAA of the Republic of China.
In accordance with the volumes of the envelope, free balloon’s class ratings are:
(1) Class 1 : 250 cubic metre and less.
(2) Class 2 : 250 to 400 cubic metre.
(3) Class 3 : 400 to 600 cubic metre.
(4) Class 4 : 600 to 900 cubic metre.
(5) Class 5 : 900 to 1200 cubic metre.
(6) Class 6 : 1200 to 1600 cubic metre.
(7) Class 7 : 1600 to 2200cubic metre.
(8) Class 8 : 2200 to 3000cubic metre.
(9) Class 9 : 3000 to 4000 cubic metre.
(10) Class 10 : 4000 to 6000 cubic metre.
(11) Class 11 : 6000 to 9000 cubic metre.
(12) Class 12 : 9000 to 12000 cubic metre.
(13) Class 13 : 12000 to 16000 cubic metre.
(14) Class 14 : 16000 to 22000 cubic metre.
(15) Class 15 : 22000 cubic metre and above.

Aircraft pilots when seeking a type rating, the applicant shall demonstrate the skill and knowledge required for the safe operation of the applicable type of the aircraft; and shall have completed a CAA approved training program that includes written and practical subjects or is the holder of a foreign nation issued valid type rating. Training records shall be made available for inspection. When a type rating is issued limiting the privilege to act as co-pilot, such limitation shall be endorsed on the rating.
The implementation items of the above mentioned written and practical training program shall be prescribed by CAA.
Aircraft pilot's flight checks given by CAA or companies, agencies authorized by
Aircraft pilots applying for type rating of an aeroplane certificated for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilot, the applicant’s training courses shall include upset prevention and recovery training in the applicable type of full flight simulator or actual aircraft flight.

Aircraft pilots shall have flight logbook or CAA approved record book available for the purpose of recording and verifying flight times and experience; Aircraft pilots who hold a foreign type rating license may be recognized such flight time.
When operated in a multi-crew operation shall have logged their time on pilot station and on control in addition to their flight time.
The total flight time required for a higher grade of pilot licence shall be entitled to be credited as follow:
(1) Recorded as pilot-in-command's flight time
(2) When acting as co-pilot at a pilot station of an aircraft certificated for operation by a single pilot, shall be entitled to be credited with not more than 50 per cent of the co-pilot flight time towards the total flight time required for a higher grade of pilot licence.
(3) When the aircraft is operated in a multi-crew operation, that flight time be credited in acting as co-pilot at a pilot station.

Only the following defined flight time shall be logged as instrument flight time:
(1)Time during which a pilot is piloting an aircraft under actual or simulated, instrument weather conditions.
(2) Total flight time conducted by the pilot in a full flight simulator or flight training device under simulated instrument weather conditions.

The following described flight time may be recorded as pilot-in-command's flight time:
(1) Student pilot's solo flight time during training phase and his (her) actual on control flight time during dual flight with flight instructor after solo phase of training.
(2) Aircraft pilot takes control of the aircraft, whether or not he or she has been designated as pilot-in-command.
(3) Flight instructor's flight time during which they are conducting flight instructions or exercising as instructor pilot during flight.

Applicant for aircraft pilot license shall be graduates of senior high school or above, or shall have attained an equivalent educational background.

Applicant for student pilot's permit (thereafter referred to as student pilot) shall be graduates of senior high school or above or shall have attained an equivalent educational background.

A student pilot shall meet the following requirements for solo flight：
(1) Has been issued a student pilot permit by CAA.
(2) Passed the following tests of academic subject given by a flight instructor.
a) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
b) Aircraft characteristics.
c) Limitations of aircraft control.
(3) Have completed a student pilot training program. The training program shall be established by CAA and shall pass the flight check given by a flight instructor to ensure the student pilot has acquired the capability to fly solo.
(4) Shall have passed exams concerning rules and regulations of visual flight and related operational safety measures and procedures and has the ability to interpret, read and use aeronautical charts.
Giving airman written examinations and practical examinations for free balloon student pilot, described in subparagraph 2, 3 of the paragraph above, shall be performed by free balloon commercial pilot.

Student pilot's flight logbook shall be endorsed by the flight instructor. For free balloon students, pilot flight logbook shall be endorsed by a free balloon commercial pilot.

Student pilot shall not engage in any flights other than instructional flight.

Student pilots applying for student pilot permit shall possess valid medical certificate.
Student pilot permits shall be valid for 12 months and may be renewed at expiry only once. Student pilots who holding a renewed permit may apply for a new student pilot permit after 12 months from the expiry of the renewed permit.

In addition to have completed not less than 40 hours of flight time as a pilot of aeroplanes of which no more than 5 hours under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the total flight time, private pilot license-aeroplane-applicant shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have received dual flight instruction in aeroplane from an authorized flight instructor not less than 20 flight hours.
(2) The applicant shall have completed no less than 5 hours of cross-country flight.
(3) The applicant shall have completed in aeroplane not less than 10 hours of solo flight time which includes:
a) Not less than 5 hours of solo cross-country flight time with at least one cross-country flight totaling not less than 270 km in the course of which full-stop landing at two different aerodromes shall be made.
b) Not less than 3 take-offs and full stop landings shall be made at aerodrome which has air traffic control tower.
(4) If the privileges of the license are to be exercised at night, the applicant shall have received no less than 3 hours of dual instruction in night flying. The license holder who has not complied with this requirement shall be prohibited from night flying.

Applicant for private pilot license-aeroplane shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and relevant laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of aeroplane.
(4) Weight and balance.
(5) Aeronautical meteorology.
(6) Air navigation basics.
(7) Radiotelephony procedure and phraseology.
(8) General maintenance of aircraft.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for private pilot license aeroplane shall be able to demonstrate the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of an aerocraft and must have no less than 3 hours of dual instruction flight time within the preceding 60 days. The applicant's flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the" CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM ".

The privileges of the holder of private pilot-aeroplane shall be to act as pilot of the rated type of aircraft engaged in non-revenue flights.

Private pilot-aeroplane license holder shall not engage in non-revenue but human carrying flight unless within 3 months after type rated, has flown no less than 5 hours of flight time and within which has made no less than 5 full-stop landing. And shall not engage in human carrying night flight unless the license holder has received dual instruction in night flying.

In addition to have completed not less than 250 hours of flight time as a pilot in both aeroplane and full flight simulator or flight training device, applicants who have completed a pilot training program in a CAA approved training institute; or have completed training subjects of a CAA approved training program and passed tests, their total flight time both in aeroplane and full flight simulator or flight training device, may be reduced to a minimum of 190 hours, Applicant of commercial pilot license- aeroplane shall also meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed in aircraft not less than 100 hours as pilot-in-command, which includes 20 hours of cross-country flight time one of which totaling not less than 540 km in the course, and of which full-stop landings at three different aerodromes shall be made.
(2) If the privileges of the license are to be exercised at night, the applicant shall have completed not less than 10 hours of night flight time, which includes 5 hours of dual instruction night flight time. The applicant shall also have completed not less than 10 take-offs and landings as the sole controller of the aircraft. The number of take-offs and landings shall not include touch-and-goes.
(3) The applicant shall have completed not less than 20 hours of instrument instruction flight time of which no more than 10 hours under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device shall be acceptable as part of the total time.
No more than 50 hours as a pilot under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device shall be acceptable as part of the above prescribed total flight time.

Applicant for commercial pilot license - aeroplane shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privilege granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Principles of flight of aeroplane
(3) Air traffic management procedures.
(4) Weight and balance.
(5) Aeronautical meteorology.
(6) Basic air navigation.
(7) Radiotelephony and phraseology.
(8) General maintenance of aircraft.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for commercial pilot license-aeroplane shall have no less than 3 hours of flight instruction flight time within the preceding 60 days of application or have completed a CAA approved training program. The exam shall be implemented in accordance with the “ CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM ”.

The commercial pilot-aeroplane licence-qualified pilot have all the privileges of the holder of a private pilot license aircraft, on the same type of aircraft, may also：
(1) Act as pilot-in-command or co-pilot in aeroplane engaged in operations other than commercial air transportation.
(2) Act as pilot-in-command in commercial air transportation in an aeroplane certified for single-pilot operation.
(3) Act as co-pilot in commercial air transportation in an aeroplane required to be operated with a co-pilot.

In addition to have completed a CAA approved training course not less than 240 hours as pilot-flying and pilot non-flying of actual flight on an aeroplane, full flight simulator or flight training device, multi-crew pilot license-aeroplane applicants shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Flight experience in actual flight on an aeroplane shall meet the requirements of Article 25, including upset prevention and recovery training, night flying and flight by reference solely to instruments.
(2)The applicant shall have gained, in a turbine-powered aeroplane certificated for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots, or from a full flight simulator or flight training device approved for that purpose by the CAA.

Applicant for multi-crew pilot license - aeroplane shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privilege granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Principles of flight of aeroplane.
(3) Air traffic management procedures.
(4) Weight and balance.
(5) Aeronautical meteorology.
(6) Basic air navigation.
(7) Radiotelephony and phraseology.
(8) General maintenance of aircraft.
(9) Instrument flight
(10) Human factor theory

Applicants for multi-crew pilot license- aeroplane shall have completed the CAA approved training program. The applicant shall be able to demonstrate in accordance with “CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM” the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of the aeroplane.

The multi-crew pilot licence - aeroplane qualified pilot have privileges of the holder of a private pilot licence - aeroplane and all the pilot license on the same type of aeroplane as follow：
(1) To act as co-pilot of an aeroplane required to be operated with a co-pilot exercise in a multi-crew operation.
(2) Before exercising the privileges of a commercial pilot licence in a single-pilot operation in aeroplanes, the licence holder shall have.
a) Completed actual flight operation of aircraft for a minimum of 70 hours, which shall include at least 10 hours of actually operating as pilot-in- command.
b) Completed 20 hours of cross-country flight time as pilot-in-command, or made up of not less than 10 hours as pilot-in-command and 10 hours as pilot-in-command under supervision, including a cross-country flight totalling not less than 540 km in the course of which full-stop landings at two different aerodromes shall be made.

In addition to hold a current commercial pilot license- aeroplane or multi-crew pilot license-aeroplane or a valid airline transport pilot-aeroplane license which issued by foreign nation, and rated with appropriate type of aeroplane and shall have completed not less than 1500 hours of flight time as a pilot of Aeroplane, airline transport pilot license- aeroplane -applicant shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed in aeroplane not less than 250 hours of flight time as pilot-in-command.
(2) The applicant shall have completed not less than 400 hours of flight time as copilot in aeroplane engaged in air transport services.
(3) The applicant shall have completed not less than 200 hours of cross-country flight time, of which not less than 100 hours shall be as pilot-in-command.
(4) The applicant shall have completed not less than 100 hours of night flight time.
(5) The applicant shall have completed not less than 75 hours of instrument flight time, of which no more than 30 hours in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the total time.

The applicant for airline transport pilot license- aeroplane shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations
(2) Air traffic control procedures
(3) Weight and balance
(4) Aeronautical meteorology
(5) Basic air navigation
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology
(7) General maintenance of aircraft
(8) Human factor theory

The applicant for airline transport license- aeroplane shall be able to demonstrate the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of an aeroplane and must have no less than 100 hours of flight time within the preceding 12 months in aeroplane of the same category, of which no less than 25 hours of flight time shall be in aeroplane of the same type the applicant is seeking the rating. Or the applicant has completed the CAA approve training program specifically designed for qualifying such applicants. The applicant shall be able to demonstrate in accordance with the required items on the “CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM” the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of the aeroplane.

The privileges of the holder of an airline transport pilot license- aeroplane shall be to exercise all the privileges of the holder of a private and commercial pilot license aeroplane and to act as pilot-in-command and copilot in air transportation in aircraft types for which the license holder is rated.

In addition to completed not less than 40 hours of flight time as a pilot of helicopters, private pilot license-helicopter-applicant shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed not less than 20 hours of dual instruction time in helicopter from an authorized flight instructor.
(2) The applicant shall have completed not less than 5 hours of cross-country flight time.
(3) The applicant shall have completed not less than 10 hours of solo flight time, and meet the following requirements:
a) Not less than 5 hours of solo cross-country flight time with at least one cross-country flight totaling not less than 180 km in the course of which landing at two different point shall be made.
b) Not less than 3 take-offs and landings shall be made at aerodrome which has air traffic control tower.
(4) If the privileges of the license are to be exercised at night, the applicant shall have received not less than 5 hours of dual instruction in night flying. The license holder who has not complied with this requirement shall be prohibited from night flying.

Applicant for private pilot license-helicopter shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder, in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Principles of flight of helicopter.
(3) Air traffic management procedures.
(4) Weight and balance.
(5) Aeronautical meteorology.
(6) Air navigation basics.
(7) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(8) General maintenance of helicopter.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for private pilot license-helicopter shall be able to demonstrate the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of a helicopter and must have no less than 3 hours of dual instruction flight time within the preceding 60 days. The applicant's flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the“CAA PILOT(HELLICOPTER) RATING REPORT FORM”.

The privileges of the holder of private pilot licence-helicopter shall be to act as pilot of the rated type of helicopter engaged in non-revenue flights.

Private pilot license-helicopter-holders shall not engage in non-revenue but human carrying flight, unless within 3 months after type rated, has flown no less than 5 hours of flight time and within which has made no less than 5 landings. And shall not engage in human carrying night flight unless the license holder has received dual instruction in night flying.

In addition to have completed not less than 150 hours flight time as a pilot in both helicopter and full flight simulator or flight training device, in which no less than 100 hours of flight time shall be in helicopters, commercial pilot license-helicopter-applicant shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed not less than 35 hours of flight time as pilot-in-command in helicopter.
(2) The applicant shall have completed not less than 10 hours cross-country flight time as pilot-in-command including a cross-country flight totaling not less than 180 km in the course of which full-stop landings at two different aerodromes shall made.
(3) If the privileges of the license are to be exercised at night, the applicant shall have completed not less than 5 hours of night flight time including not less than 5 take-offs and 5 landings patterns as pilot-in-command.
(4) The applicant shall have completed not less than 10 hours of instrument instruction flight time, of which no more than 5 hours under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the total time.
No more than 10 hours as a pilot under instructions in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the above prescribed total flight time.

Applicant for commercial pilot license-helicopter shall has demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Principles of flight of rotorcraft.
(3) Air traffic management procedures.
(4) Weight and balance.
(5) Aeronautical meteorology.
(6) Air navigation basics.
(7) Radio telephone and phraseology.
(8) General maintenance of the helicopter.
(9) Human factor theory

The applicant for commercial pilot licence-helicopter shall be able to demonstrate the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of a helicopter and must have no less than 3 hours dual instruction flight with the preceding 60 days. Or the applicant has completed the CAA established training program, the applicant shall be able to demonstrate in accordance with the “CAA PILOT(HELLICOPTER) RATING REPORT FORM” the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of the helicopter.

The privileges of the holder of a commercial pilot licence-helicopter shall exercise all the privileges of the holder of a private pilot licence-helicopter and may also perform the following pilot’s duty in the same type of helicopters for which the licence holder is rated:
(1) To act as pilot-in-command in any helicopter engaged in operations other than the commercial air transportation.
(2) To act as pilot-in-command in commercial air transportation in any helicopter certified for single-pilot operation.
(3) To act as co-pilot in commercial air transportation in helicopters required to be operated with a co-pilot.

In addition to hold a current commercial pilot licence-helicopter and rated with appropriate type of helicopter and shall have completed not less than 1200 hours of flight time of which not less than 1000 hours of the flight time as a pilot of helicopters, airline transport pilot licence-helicopter applicant shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed not less than 250 hours of flight time as pilot-in-command of which not less than 50 hours of night flight time.
(2) The applicant shall have completed not less than 200 hours of cross-country flight time, of which not less than 100 hours shall be as pilot-in-command.
(3) The applicant shall have completed not less than 30 hours of instrument flight time, of which no more than 10 hours under instrument in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the total time.
No more than 100 hours as a pilot under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the above prescribed total flight time.

Applicant for airline transport pilot licence-helicopter shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Weight and balance.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigations.
(6) Radiotelephony and phraseology.
(7) General maintenance of helicopter.
(8) Human factor theory

The applicant for airline transport pilot licence-helicopter shall be able to demonstrate the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of a helicopter and must have no less than 100 hours of flight time within the preceding 12 months in helicopter of the same category, of which no less than 15 hours of flight time shall be in helicopter of the same type the applicant is seeking the rating, or the applicant has completed CAA approved training program specifically designed for qualifying such applicants. The applicant shall be able to demonstrate in accordance with the required items on the “CAA PILOT(HELLICOPTER) RATING REPORT FORM”, the ability to perform as pilot-in-command of the helicopter.

The privileges of the holder of an airline transport pilot licence-helicopter shall be to exercise all the privileges of the holder of a private and commercial pilot licence-helicopter and to act as pilot-in-command and co-pilot in air transportation in the type of helicopter for which the licence holder is rated.

Private pilot license-airship-applicant shall have completed not less than 25 hours of airship flight time, which includes
(1) 3 hours of airship cross-country flight training.
(2) 3 hours of flight training at night: Cross-country of 45 kilometers in distance, and 5 take-offs and landing to a complete stop.
(3) Minimum of 3 hours of instrument flight training.
(4) Minimum of 5 hours of dual instruction flight acting as pilot-in-command in an airship.

Applicant for private pilot license-airship shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder, in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of airship.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigation basics.
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(7) Weight and balance.
(8) General maintenance of airship.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for private pilot license-airship shall have no less than 3 sessions of dual instruction flight within the preceding 60 days. The applicant’s flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the “CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM（AIRSHIP）”.

The privilege of the holder of private pilot licence-airship includes acting as pilot-in-command of a certified airship engaged in non-revenue flights.

Commercial pilot license-airship-applicant shall have no less than 200 hours of total flight time, which includes:
(1) Minimum of 50 hours of flight time in an airship
(2) Minimum of 30 hours of pilot-in-command time: Minimum of 10 hours of cross-country and 10 hours of night flight time.
(3) Minimum of 40 hours of instrument time:Minimum of 20 hours flight time, and 10 hours of which is airship instrument time.
(4) Minimum of 20 hours of flight training: 1 hour day flight and 1 hour night flight which each is visual cross-country flight with a straight-line distance of 45 kilometers or more.
(5) 10 hours of dual instruction flight acting as pilot-in-command: One flight with at least 3 stopovers, one of the segments has a straight-line distance of 45 kilometers. 5 hours of which shall be visual night flight with 10 take-offs and landings.

Applicant for commercial pilot license-glider shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of airship.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigation basics.
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(7) Weight and balance.
(8) General maintenance of airship.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for commercial pilot license-airship shall have no less than 3 sessions of dual instruction flight within the preceding 60 days. The applicant’s flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the “CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM（AIRSHIP）”..

Commercial pilot licence-airship pilots shall enjoy all the privileges of the holder of a private pilot licence-airship and may also perform as pilot-in-command of a certified airship engaged in revenue and non-revenue flights.

Private pilot license for a free balloon applicant shall have completed not less than 10 hours of free balloon flight time, of which shall include a minimum of six training flights with a free balloon commercial pilot and meets one of the following requirements:
(1) Training conducted in an inflatable free balloon, shall have a minimum of 2 two-hour-flights, which shall include
a) Minimum of 1 training flight with a free balloon commercial pilot, acting as pilot-in-command
b) Minimum of 1 free balloon flight which elevated 3,000 feet above the origin of the flight
(2) Training conducted in hot-air free balloon, shall have minimum of 2 one-hour-flights, which shall include:
a) Minimum of 1 solo flight in hot-air free balloon.
b) Minimum of 1 hot-air free balloon flight which elevated 2,000 feet above the origin of the flight.

Applicant for private pilot license- free balloon shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder, in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of free balloon.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigation basics.
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(7) Weight and balance.
(8) General maintenance of free balloon.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for private pilot license- free balloon shall meet one of the following requirements within the preceding 60 days:
(1) Inflatable free balloon: Minimum of 1 training flight with a free balloon commercial pilot.
(2) Hot-air- balloon: Minimum of 2 one-hour training flight with a free balloon commercial pilot.
The applicant's flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the “CAA PRIVATE PILOT RATING REPORT FORM（FREE BALLOON）”.

The privilege of the holder of private pilot licence- free balloon includes acting as pilot of certified gas free balloon or hot-air-free balloon engaged in non-revenue flights.

Commercial pilot license- free balloon-applicant shall have completed not less than 35 hours total flight time as a pilot in a free balloon, which includes:
(1) 20 hours of flight time in a free balloon.
(2) Minimum of 10 free balloon flights.
(3) Minimum of 2 free balloon flights acting as pilot-in-command.
(4) Minimum of 10 hours and 10 sessions of training flight with a free balloon commercial pilot, which includes:
a) For inflatable free balloon: Minimum of 2 sessions of training flight with a free balloon commercial pilot, acting as pilot-in-command, and a minimum of 1 controlled-flight which elevated 5,000 feet above the origin of flight.
b) For hot-air balloon: Minimum of 2 solo flights and minimum of 1 controlled-flight which elevated 3,000 feet above the origin of flight.

Applicant for commercial pilot license- free balloon shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of free balloon.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigation basics.
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(7) Weight and balance.
(8) General maintenance of free balloon.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for commercial pilot license- free balloon shall meet one of the following requirements within the preceding 60 days:
(1) Gas free balloon:Minimum of 2 two-hour training flights with a free balloon commercial pilot.
(2) Hot-air- balloon:Minimum of 2 one-hour training flights with a free balloon commercial pilot.
The applicant's flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the “CAA COMMERCIAL PILOT RATING REPORT FORM（FREE BALLON）”.

The privileges of the holder of a certified commercial pilot licence- free balloon include all the privileges of the holder of a private pilot licence-free balloon and may also perform as pilot-in-command in certified gas free balloon or hot-air- balloon engaged in both non-revenue and revenue flights.
The privileges of the holder of commercial pilot licence- free balloon may perform trainings in the air and ground.

Private pilot license-glider-applicant shall have completed not less than 10 hours of glider flight time, which includes:
(1) Minimum of 20 sessions of flight training.
(2) Minimum of 2 hours of solo glider flight time and 10 take-offs and landings.
If applicant of private pilot license-glider has a minimum of 40 hours of flight time in either aeroplane or helicopter, the flight training time in glider may be reduced to 3 hours, which includes 10 solo glider flights.

Applicant for private pilot license-glider shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder, in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic control procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of glider.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigation basics.
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(7) Weight and balance.
(8) General maintenance of glider.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for private pilot license-glider shall have no less than 3 sessions of dual instruction flight within the preceding 60 days. The applicant's flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the “CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM(GLIDER）".

The privilege of the holder of private pilot licence-glider includes acting as pilot-in-command to engage in certified glider operation of non-revenue flights.

Commercial pilot license-glider-applicant shall have completed not less than 25 hours flight time as a pilot in a glider, of which no less than 100 flights shall be acting as pilot-in-command, and meet the below conditions:
(1) Minimum of 3 hours of glider flight training or 10 sessions of dual instruction flight.
(2) Minimum of 2 hours and 10 take-offs and landings of solo glider flights.
If applicant of commercial pilot license-glider has a minimum of 200 hours of flight time in either aeroplane or helicopter, shall have at least 20 flights acting as pilot-in-command, which includes:
(1) Minimum of 3 hours of glider flight training or 10 sessions of dual instruction flight.
(2) Minimum of 5 solo glider flights.

Applicant for commercial pilot license-glider shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the license holder in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Air traffic management procedures.
(3) Principles of flight of glider.
(4) Aeronautical meteorology.
(5) Air navigation basics.
(6) Radio telephony and phraseology.
(7) Weight and balance.
(8) General maintenance of glider.
(9) Human factor theory

Applicant for commercial pilot license-glider shall have no less than 3 sessions of dual instruction flight within the preceding 60 days. The applicant's flight check shall be conducted in accordance with CAA established “CAA PILOT RATING REPORT FORM(GLIDER）".

The privileges of the holder of a certified and valid commercial pilot licence-glider include all the privileges of the holder of a private pilot licence-glider and may also perform as pilot-in-command in certified glider engaged in both non-revenue and revenue flights.

The applicant for flight instructor rating shall have completed a CAA approved training program in a CAA authorized training institute and shall present a certificate showing that the applicant has demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holders of a flight instructor rating in the following subjects:
(1) Techniques of applied instruction.
(2) Principles of teaching.
(3) Student evaluation and testing.
(4) Training program development.
(5) Lesson planning.
(6) Classroom instructional techniques.
The applicant for flight instructor rating shall complete the required written examination in the following subjects:
(1) Civil Aviation Act and related laws and regulations.
(2) Basic flight teaching
(3) Comprehensive specialty
(4) Human factor theory.

The applicant for flight instructor rating shall have completed the flight instructor training for the specific type of aircraft; or the applicant shall have completed the CAA approved training program specifically designed for qualifying such applicants. The applicant shall be able to demonstrate in accordance with the required items on the " CAA INSTRUCTOR PILOT RATING REPORT FORM" the ability to perform as flight instructor.

The applicant for aeroplane flight instructor rating shall be the holder of airline transport pilot licence、multi-crew pilot license - aeroplane and appropriate rating or commercial pilot licence - aeroplane and appropriate rating.
The applicant for helicopter flight instructor rating shall be the holder of airline transport helicopter pilot licence or commercial helicopter pilot licence and appropriate rating.
The applicant for airship flight instructor rating shall be the holder of commercial airship pilot licence and appropriate rating.
The applicant for glider flight instructor rating shall be the holder of commercial glider pilot licence and appropriate rating.

The privileges of the holder of a flight instructor rating shall be to carry out flight instruction for the issuance of student pilot licence and endorse on the student pilots' logbook.
Holder of flight instructor rating shall not carry out flight instruction on aircraft or helicopter for which the flight instructor-rating holder is not rated for the type of aircraft or helicopter.

The applicant for instrument rating-aeroplane may submit the application together with the applications for pilot ratings, provided in subparagraph (1), (2) and (3) of Article 12, and shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed not less than 50 hours of cross-country flight time as pilot-in-command in either of aeroplane or helicopter of which not less than 10 hours shall be in the same category of aircraft the applicant is seeking the rating.
(2) The applicant shall have completed not less than 40 hours of instrument time in either of aeroplane or helicopter of which not less than 10 hours shall be dual instrument flight instruction in aeroplanes from an authorized flight instructor. The applicant shall have completed the training program in a CAA approved pilot training institute, or shall have completed the training courses of CAA approved training program. Where a full flight simulator or flight training device is used, no more than 20 hours under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the total time.
(3) The applicant shall have completed at least one instrument cross-country training flight under instrument flight rules (IFR), which includes:
a) A cross-country flight with a distance of not less than 450 kilometer as pilot-in-command following en-route IFR procedures or the guidance of air traffic control services;
b) An instrument approach specified minima at each aerodrome along the route; and
c) Three different instrument approach procedures using navigation aids and equipment.

The applicant for instrument rating-aeroplane may submit the application together with the applications for pilot ratings, provided in subparagraph (5), (6) of Article 12, and shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The applicant shall have completed not less than 50 hours of cross-country flight as pilot-in-command of either of aeroplane or helicopter of which not less than 10 hours shall in the same category of helicopter the applicant is seeking the rating.
(2) The applicant shall have completes not less than 40 hours of instrument time in either of aeroplane or helicopter of which not less than 10 hours shall be dual instrument flight instruction in helicopter from an authorized flight instructor. The applicant shall have completed the training program in a CAA approved pilot training institute, or shall have completed the training courses of CAA approved training program. Where a full flight simulator or flight training device is used, no more than 30 hours under instruction in a full flight simulator or flight training device is acceptable as part of the total time.
(3) The applicant shall have completed at least one instrument cross-counter training flight under IFR, which includes:
a) A cross-country flight with a distance not less than 180 kms as pilot-in-command following en-route IFR procedures or under the guidance of air traffic control services.
b) An instrument approach to specified minima at each aerodrome along the route.
c) Three different instrument approach procedures using navigation aids and equipment.

The applicant shall have demonstrated a level of knowledge appropriate to the privilege granted to the holder of an instrument rating in the following subjects:
(1) Rules and regulations relevant to flight under IFR, use of aeronautical documentation such as AIP, NOTAM;
(2) IFR air traffic management procedures, radiotelephony procedures and phraseology as applied to operations under IFR;
(3) Use, limitation and serviceability of avionics and instruments practices and procedures in the event of malfunctions of various flight instruments;
(4) Principles and procedures of instrument flight;
(5) Aeronautical Charts for instrument flight, aeronautical meteorological information.

The applicant for instrument rating shall have completed not less than 3 hours of instrument training flight time within the preceding 60 days, or the applicant has completed CAA approved training program specifically designed for qualifying such applicants. The applicant flight check shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements prescribed by the Article27, Article 32, Article 44 and Article 49 respectively.

Pilots-aircraft or helicopter may engage in operations under IFR only after being granted the instrument rating. The instrument rating holder’s yearly training program and proficiency flight check shall provide instrument flight subjects. The instrument rating holder who failed the annual flight check shall be suspended from the privilege of piloting under IFR and "restricted to VFR only" shall be annotated on the holders rating certificate. Unless satisfactorily passing recheck, the failed instrument-rating holder may not engage in instrument flight.
The instrument-rating check or added rating shall include the ability to operate multi-engine aircraft solely by reference to instruments with one engine inoperative, or simulated inoperative.