Civil protection orders (hereinafter “protection orders”) are divided into ordinary protection orders, temporary protection orders and emergency protection orders.

A victim may file a petition with the court for an ordinary protection order or temporary protection order. If the victim is a minor, or suffers from a physical or mental disability or has difficulty in mandating an agent for any reason, the petition may be filed with the court by the victim’s legal representative or a relative by blood or by marriage within the third degree of kinship.
A prosecutor, the police department or a municipal or county (city) competent authority may file a petition with the court for a protection order.
No court costs is payable for the petition, revocation, alteration, extension or appeal of any protection order. Paragraph 4, Article 77-23 of the Code of Civil Procedure is applicable mutatis mutandis.

The district court of the victim’s place of domicile or residence, the place of domicile or residence of the opposite party or the place of occurrence of an offense of domestic violence shall have jurisdiction over the petition of a protection order.
In an area with a juvenile and family court, the district court under the previous paragraph refers to the juvenile and family court.

The petition for a protection order shall be made in writing. However, in case of imminent danger to the victim suffering from domestic violence, the prosecutor, police department or municipal or county (city) competent authority may file a petition for an emergency protection order verbally, by facsimile or by transmission through other technical equipment and the petition may be filed at nighttime or on a non-working day.
The place of domicile or residence of the petitioner or the victim is not mandatory for the petition under the previous paragraph and only an address for process of service is required.
To determine jurisdiction, the court may investigate the victim’s place of domicile or residence. If the petitioner or victim seeks confidentiality about the victim’s place of domicile or residence, the court shall conduct an interrogation in a confidential manner and the interrogation record and relevant data shall be sealed and viewing prohibited.

In case of any omission of procedure or requirement in a petition for a protection order, the court shall enter a ruling to reject the petition. However, if the omission may be corrected, an order should be issued to demand the correction before a set deadline.
The court may investigate evidence and may conduct segregated interrogations if required.
If required, the segregated interrogations under the previous paragraph may be conducted outside the court pursuant to petition or on its own initiative. Any technical equipment allowing two-way transmission of voice and image and other proper segregation measures may also be used.
During a court trial, the victim may file a petition seeking the presence of any family member or social worker or psychologist, who may also state their opinions.
The trial regarding a protection order shall not be public.
Before the court completes the trial, it may listen to the opinions of the municipal or county (city) competent authority or social welfare institutions.
No mediation or settlement is allowed in a case of a protection order.
After the court accepts a petition for a protection order, the trial should be conducted swiftly. The issuance of a protection order shall not be delayed based on the reason of other cases between the parties that are under investigation or other pending litigation.

After the trial, if the court confirms the facts of domestic violence and if the court deems it necessary, any or more of the following ordinary protection orders shall be issued pursuant to a petition or on its own initiative:
1. Prohibit the opposite party from committing acts of domestic violence against the victim or any child, youth or specific family member that witnessed the domestic violence.
2. Prohibit the opposite party from any act of harassment, contact, stalking, communication, correspondence or other unnecessary contact with the victim or any child, youth or specific family member that witnessed the domestic violence.
3. Order the opposite party to relocate from the place of domicile or residence of the victim or any child, youth or specific family member that witnessed the domestic violence and, if required, prohibit the opposite party from any use, collect benefits or disposition of its real property.
4. Order the respondent to maintain a specific distance from the following locations: The place of domicile or residence of the victim or any child, youth or specific family member that has witnessed domestic violence, their school, workplace or other specific location that they frequent.
5. Determine the right to use any vehicle, motorcycle or other necessities of personal life, profession or education and, if required, order the handover thereof.
6. Make temporary rulings about the exercise of the rights and assume the duties in regard to minors, ordering the contents and manner to be fulfilled, exercised, or performed by one or both parties in a joint manner. Order the delivery of children if required.
7. Fix the time, location and manner for the opposite party meetings with minors and, if required, prohibit such meetings.
8. Order the opposite party to pay rental for the victim’s place of domicile or residence or the living expenses of minors.
9. Order the opposite party to pay expenses for the medical care, assistance, shelter or property damage of the victim or specific family member.
10. Order the opposite party to complete an offender treatment program.
11. Order the opposite party to bear a certain attorney’s cost.
12. Prohibit the opposite party and certain family members of such party from viewing relevant information concerning the household registration, school registration or source of income of the victim and the minors under the victim’s temporary custody.
13. Prohibit the opposite party from reproducing, distributing, broadcasting, delivering, publicly displaying, or otherwise allowing others to view sexual images of the victim without the consent of the said victim.
14. Order the opposite party to hand over the sexual images of the victim in his/her possession to the said victim and, if necessary, order the deletion of the said sexual images.
15. Order the opposite party to delete or apply to the providers of Internet platform, Internet application service, or Internet access service for removing victim images uploaded by his/herself.
16. Issue other orders required for the protection of the victim or any child, youth or specific family member that witnessed the domestic violence.
Before the court makes a ruling under Subparagraph 6 or 7 of the previous paragraph, it shall take into consideration the best interest of the minors and shall seek opinions of the minors or their social workers if required.
Under the offender treatment program under Subparagraph 10 of the first paragraph, the court may order the opposite party to receive awareness education and assistance, parenting education counseling, psychological counseling, and other assistance. The court may also order the opposite party to receive an appraisal and/or evaluation regarding the necessity to provide any psychiatric treatment, addiction treatment and/or any other treatment sessions. The municipal or county (city) competent authority may provide recommendations concerning the disposition program before the court makes its ruling.
The ruling under Subparagraph 10 of the first paragraph shall specify a period to complete the disposition program.

An ordinary protection order is valid for two years and shall become effective from the time of issuance.
Before the ordinary protection order expires, the litigant or the victim may request the court to revoke, alter or extend the order. Each petition for an extension of a protection order shall not exceed a period of two years.
The petition for an extension of the protection order may be filed by a prosecutor, police department or municipal or county (city) competent authority.
If the litigant or the victim, based on Paragraph 2, applies to modify or extend the ordinary protection order, the original order shall remain valid until the court rules. The petition for an extension of the protection order may also be filed by a prosecutor, police department, or municipal or county (city) competent authority.
An ordinary protection order shall expire unless the court makes a confirmed ruling otherwise before its expiry.
After the court agrees to hear a petition for an extension of a protection order, it shall immediately notify the parties concerned, the victim, the police, and the municipal and county (city) competent authorities.

The court may issue a temporary protection order or emergency protection order without a trial.
In order to protect the victim, the court may issue a provisional protection order pursuant to a petition or on its own initiative before the trial for an ordinary protection order is completed.
The court may issue a provisional protection order or an emergency protection order under Subparagraphs 1 to 7, 12 to 14 and 16 of Paragraph 1 of Article 14 upon request or ex officio; if the request is submitted by the competent authority of any municipality or county (city), the court may also issue a provisional protection order or emergency protection order based on the request as stated in Subparagraph 10 of the same Article.
After accepting a petition for an emergency protection order, if the court determines that the victim is subject to imminent danger of domestic violence based on the petitioner’s statement in court or by telephone, it shall issue an emergency protection order in writing within four hours. The court may also send the emergency protection order to the police department by telefax or through other technical equipment.
When a petitioner files a petition for a temporary protection order or emergency protection order before a petition for an ordinary protection order is filed, a petition for an ordinary protection order shall be deemed to have been filed when the court grants the petition.
A temporary protection order or emergency protection order is effective from the time of issuance and shall cease to be effective when the petitioner revoke the petition for an ordinary protection order, when the court completes the trial and issues an ordinary protection order or when the court rejects the petition.
Before a temporary protection order or emergency protection order expires, the court may revoke or alter the order pursuant to the litigant’s or victim’s petition or on its own initiative and shall be effective from the time of revocation or alteration.

Any protection order issued by a court to the opposite party in accordance with Subparagraph 3 or 4 of the first paragraph of Article 14 shall remain valid even if the victim or any child, youth or specific family member that has witnessed domestic violence agrees that the opposite party does not need to relocate or remain at a distance.

Other than an emergency protection order, a protection order shall be sent to the litigant, the victim, the police department and the municipal or county (city) competent authority within 24 hours from issuance.
The municipal or county (city) competent authority shall register protection orders issued by the court for consultation by judicial and other authorities that enforce the protection orders.

The court shall provide the environment and measures for the victim and witnesses to attend court hearings in a safe manner.
The municipal or county (city) competent authority shall establish or mandate a private organization to establish a service location to handle domestic violence cases in the local district court. The court shall provide the premises, any required software and hardware equipment and other relevant assistance, except in cases of difficulty for offshore courts.
In an area where there is a juvenile or family court in a district court, the court under the previous paragraph refers to the juvenile or family court.

Unless otherwise provided in this chapter, the relevant provisions under the Family Affairs Act are applicable to the procedure for protection orders.
Unless otherwise provided, rulings concerning protection orders are subject to interlocutory appeals. Enforcement shall not be suspended during an interlocutory appeal.

The litigant and the relevant authorities shall duly comply with a protection order once it is issued, as well as the following provisions:
1. A protection order that prohibits the use, collect benefits or disposition of real property or a protection order for monetary payment may be used as entitlement foreclosure. The victim may petition the court for compulsory enforcement in accordance with the Compulsory Enforcement Act. The enforcement fee may be exempted temporarily.
2. The application for the enforcement of any protection order regarding visitation with minors in any location put in place by the municipal or county (city) competent authority or any protection order regarding visitation with minors under the supervision of the municipal or county (city) competent authority or its personnel shall be filed by the opposite party with the municipal or county (city) competent authority.
3. Any protection order to complete an offender treatment program shall be enforced by the municipal or county (city) competent authority.
4. The application to enforce any protection order that prohibits viewing of relevant information shall be filed by the victim with the relevant authority.
5. Other protection orders shall be enforced by the police department.
A request for assistance may be filed with the police department as required for enforcement under Subparagraph 2 or 3 under the previous paragraph.

The police department shall protect victim to the victim’s or the opposite party’s place of domicile or residence in accordance with the protection order and shall ensure their secure possession of their place of domicile or residence, vehicle, motorcycle or other necessities of personal life, profession or education.
If the opposite party fails to handover any deliverable items in accordance with a protection order, the police department may enter into any residence, building or other places where the deliverable items are located pursuant to the victim’s requirements, in order to remove the deliverable items from the opposite party’s possession or to seize the deliverable items and hand them over to the victim.

If the opposite party fails to deliver any relevant certificate, document, seal or other proof together with any items referred to under the previous article, the police department may also collect and hand it /them over to the victim.
If any item of proof under the previous paragraph is not collected and handed over, the victim may file an application with the relevant competent authority for alteration, annulment or re-issuance, if the deliverable item belongs to the victim. If the deliverable item belongs to the opposite party and has been issued by an administrative authority, the victim may ask the original issuing authority to issue a replacement certificate or document during the validity period of the protection order.

If the obligor fails to deliver any minors in accordance with a protection order, the obligee may petition the police department to order the delivery by the obligor before a deadline. If the obligor fails to deliver the child before the deadline, the protection order that requires the delivery of the minors may serve as entitlement foreclosure and the obligee may petition the court for compulsory enforcement. The execution fees may be exempted temporarily.

If the obligor fails to visitation with minors in accordance with a protection order, the enforcement authority or the obligee may proceed in accordance with the previous article and may petition the court for a alteration to the protection order.

When a litigant is granted temporary exercise the rights and assume the duties in regard to a minors in accordance with Subparagraph 6 of the first paragraph, Article 14, such litigant may file an application with the household registration authority through the protection order to seek alteration of the minors movements registration.

Before the end of the enforcement procedure, a litigant or any interested person may file an motion of objection with the enforcement authority against the manner of enforcement of the protection order, the procedure to be followed or other infringements upon his/her interests.
If the enforcement authority considers that the motion of objection under the previous paragraph to be meritorious, it shall immediately suspend the enforcement and shall revoke or correct any enforcement that is already being carried out. If the authority considers the objection meritless, it shall provide its opinion and submit the matter to the court that issued the protection order within 10 days for a ruling to be rendered by the court.
The court ruling under the previous paragraph is non-appealable.

A protection order against domestic violence issued by a foreign court may be enforced after a petition is filed with a court of the Republic of China and after a ruling of recognition has been rendered by the court.
If the protection order against domestic violence issued by a foreign court and recognized by the court following the litigant’s petition has any of the events listed under Subparagraphs 1 to 3 of the first paragraph, Article 402 of the Taiwan Code of Civil Procedure, the court shall dismiss the petition.
If the protection order against domestic violence is issued by a foreign court in a country where the protection orders issued by the courts of the Republic of China are not recognized, the court may dismiss the petition.