Wherever a claim must be adjudicated jointly with regard to a third party and one of the parties, the administrative court shall order, by a court ruling, the third party to intervene in the litigation.

If the administrative court considers that a third party's rights or legal interests would be jeopardized as a result of the litigation of revocation, the court may ex officio order such third party to intervene in the litigation as an independent intervener, and may grant the motion for intervention by such third party.
Paragraph 3 of Article 39 shall apply mutatis mutandis to intervention prescribed in the preceding Paragraph. The intervener may raise independent means of attack or defense.
The preceding two Paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis to other types of litigations.
If a litigation of revocation has been filed by the administrative appellant to the administrative court, and the person who has interests in the litigation initiates another litigation for the same case, such litigation shall be regarded as intervention as prescribed in Paragraph 1.

If a third party files a motion for intervention in accordance with the preceding Article, intervention pleadings shall be submitted to the administrative court where the principal litigation is pending and shall include the following matters:
1. The principal litigation and its parties;
2. How the rights or legal interests of the intervener will be jeopardized as a result of the litigation of revocation; and
3. The statement of intervention.
The administrative court may dismiss the motion by a ruling if the court regards that the initiation of the motion prescribed in the preceding Paragraph does not comply with the preceding Article.
An appeal may be taken from the ruling provided in the preceding Paragraph.
An intervener may conduct acts of litigation before the ruling dismissing the motion for intervention becomes binding.

The administrative court may order other administrative agencies to intervene in a litigation if the court deems that it is necessary for the agencies to support one of the parties.
The administrative agency prescribed in the preceding Paragraph or a third party who has interests in the litigation may also file a motion for intervention.

The ruling ordering intervention shall indicate the status of the litigation and reasons for ordering intervention and shall be served on the parties to the litigation.
The administrative court shall order the parties or a third party to present statements in writing or oral prior to rendering its ruling in accordance with the provision of the preceding Paragraph.
An appeal may be taken from the ruling ordering intervention.

Article 39 shall apply mutatis mutandis to intervention in litigation as provided in Article 41.

The judgment will have binding effect upon the persons who were ordered or granted by the administrative court to intervene in the litigation in accordance with Article 41 and Article 42 but failed to intervene in the litigation.

Articles 59 to 61 inclusive and Articles 63 to 67 inclusive of the Code of Civil Procedure shall apply mutatis mutandis to intervention in litigation as prescribed in Article 44.