This act has been enacted to conserve wildlife, protect species diversity and maintain the balance of natural ecosystems. Whatever is not regulated by this act may be regulated by other compatible legislation.

Responsible government authorities for the purpose of this act:
Central government level: the Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, henceforth referred to as the National Principal Authority (NPA).
Municipal level: the municipal governments.
County/city level: the county and city governments.

Definition of terms:
1.Wildlife: in common circumstances, any animal living in a natural habitat, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects and other kinds of animals;
2.Population size: the number of the same species of wildlife living in a particular space at a particular time;
3.Endangered Species: those wildlife species whose population size is at or below a critical level so that their survival is in jeopardy;
4.Rare and Valuable Species: endemic species or those species with a very low total population;
5.Other Conservation-Deserving Wildlife: species which do not necessarily have a very low total population, but their survival remains in jeopardy;
6.Wildlife products: animal carcasses, bones, horns, teeth, skin, hair, eggs or internal organs in whole, partial or processed form;
7.Habitat: the natural living environment necessary for the survival of plants and animals;
8.Conservation: any protection, restoration or management of wildlife based on the principles of species diversity and natural ecological balance;
9.Utilization: the use of wildlife for cultural, educational, academic or economic benefit in such a way or form scientifically determined not to be detrimental to the natural ecological balance;
10.Disturbance: any behavior involving the use of drugs, tools or any other means so as to interfere with wildlife;
11.Abuse: the use of violence, unsuitable drugs or other methods to harm wildlife so they cannot maintain their normal physiological condition;
12.Hunting: the use of drugs, hunting equipment or other tools or methods to catch or kill wildlife;
13.Processing: the use of wildlife carcasses, bones, horns, teeth, skins, hair, eggs or organs in their whole or partial form as or to make other products;
14.Display: placement of wildlife or wildlife products in public areas for people to view.

Wildlife shall be classified in two categories:
1.Protected Species: Endangered Species, Rare and Valuable Species and Other Conservation-Deserving Wildlife;
2.General Wildlife: all other wildlife not included in the previous category.
The Wildlife Conservation Advisory Committee is responsible for the determination of animals which belong in the first category. The NPA is responsible for compilation and announcement of the Schedule of Protected Species.

The NPA shall establish a Wildlife Conservation Advisory Committee to assist with wildlife conservation.
Members of the advisory committee will not be paid. The regulations of establishing the committee will be determined by the NPA. Academic experts, private conservation organization members, aborigines and other non-governmental representatives should comprise not less than two-thirds of the total committee membership.

To strengthen wildlife conservation, the NPA should establish a Wildlife Research Institute. The NPA may also invite academic institutions or private organizations to conduct wildlife surveys, studies, conservation, utilization, education or promotion, etc.

To bring together society’s resources to help conserve wildlife, the NPA may establish a conservation donation account and accept private or artificial person donations. In addition, the NPA may issue wildlife conservation stamps.
The NPA shall determine the establishment of the donation account, the usage of the name and logo of the conservation stamps and their management and issue regulation.