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Chapter Law Content

Title: Rules for the Technical Engineering of Cable Radio and Television Systems CH
Category: National Communications Commission(國家通訊傳播委員會)
Chapter 4 Technical Engineering
Article 11
Channel and frequency of the system are stipulated as follows:
1. Bandwidth of television channels is limited to 6 MHz. The frequency table is as the allocated video carrier frequency and allocated carrier wave for cable FM broadcasting table.
2. If the system uses upper stream control signal, its frequency should not exceed 42 MHz.
3. In band of 74 to 76, 108 to 138 MHz any transmission of signals are prohibited. Unless in the situation where proved by central competent authority of no interference with aviation safety and depending on actual requirement.
Upon digitization by fiber nodes (FN) of the cable TV system, the digital television channels of these fiber nodes shall not be restricted by Subparagraph 1 of the preceding paragraph and uplink control signals shall not be restricted by Subparagraph 2 of the preceding paragraph.
Article 11-1
The system operator, who intends to apply for using the 15th (127.2625 MHz) or 16th channel (133.2625 MHz), shall submit reasons and the range of operating area, attaching radio wave leakage maintenance plan and apply to central competent authority. After its examination and approval, the system operator may use the channel(s).
The system operator that uses the 15th (127.2625 MHz) or 16th channel (133.2625 MHz), shall conduct all area network radio wave leakage detection at least once every six months, and report the detecting results to the central competent authority.
The term for using 15th channel (127.2625MHz) or 16th channel (133.2625MHz) shall be one year. If it is necessary for system operator to use the channel after expiration, the system operator shall re-apply for approval, attaching the documents stated in first paragraph, one month prior to the expiration date.
Article 11-2
Television channels shall be encrypted with the method of encryption. The range of encryption shall include video signals and audio signals. The broadcasting of images and sounds on encrypted television channels shall be decoded before they can be viewed and heard.
Article 12
Wave leakage of the system is stipulated as follows:
1. Highest electric leakage value of the system should not exceed the tolerable value announced by central administrative authority.
2. System operators should self-monitor the wave leakage situation in its service area. If excessive wave leakage occurs, the operator should find and amend the cause of problem immediately.
3. System operator should transmit the wave leakage testing signal allocated by the central administrative authority all day; its level should not be lower than the levels of other television channel signal in the system.
4. System operator should implement a self-test on wave leakage in the whole area at least once in a year and preserve the test according to the Self-Testing Record Sheet for Cable Radio and Television Wave Leakage, the record shall be kept for one year. This test record shall clearly state the leakage time, location, engineering personnel, etc. and inspected by the engineering supervisor. If excessive wave leakage occurs, the occurrence reason and repair time shall be clearly indicated.
Article 13
Before using Channel 19(151.25MHz), the system operator should check the catalog of the sine wave generator and wave leakage detector. Also, the system operator shall indicate the instrument serial number and the proposed frequency for detecting wave leakage, then submit an application as an independent case to the central administrative authority. Channel 19 then may be put to use after qualifying the evaluation and acquiring a designated frequency from the authorities. However, the system operator may use the existing analog television program channel’s video carrier identification label method for transmitting wave detecting signals under the circumstances of: not affecting the wave leakage detector from functioning properly, having checked the relevant equipment documents of the wave leakage tester and acquiring permission from the central administrative authority to do so.
A qualified sine wave generator and wave leakage detector shall be of the following standards:
1. The frequency of the sine wave generated can only differ within 20Hz.
2. Its harmonic waves should not jam or interfere with the original program signals.
3. It should possess a labeling and label identifying function.
When two or more system operators exist in one operating region, the operators should coordinate to use different frequencies for detecting wave leakage before submitting an application.
When a change in the method of detecting wave leakage occurs, the system operator should re-apply to the central administrative authority as specified in Item 1.
Article 14
To prevent interference with above water mobile communications and complying with related marine safety stipulation in the above water human safety international treaty, radio telecommunication station with 256 Mhz to 162 Mhz within operation area who uses channel 20(157.25MHz) should submit a copy of radio broadcast TV operation permit, self-examination form of radio broadcast TV air wave revealing to the central administrative authority for evaluation. No usage is allowed until the application is approved by the central administrative authority.
A qualified user of Channel 20(157.25MHz) after inspection, should strictly accord with the wave leakage related regulations as stated in Item 1, Article 12 of these Rules.
Use of Channel 20(157.25MHz) is valid for a period of up to one year. The system operator permitted for usage that continues to have purpose for use after the period expires may submit the self-testing record sheet for wave leakage to the central administrative authority for re-inspection and consent one month before the expiry date.
Article 15
The signal quality at the subscriber terminal of each analog television channel of the system should conform to the following stipulations:
1. Video carrier level shall be between 0 to +14 dBmV
2. Carrier to noise ratio shall not be less than 43 dB
3. Carrier to composite beat shall not be less than 53 dB
4. Cross modulation ratio shall not be less than 46 dB
5. Carrier-hum modulation ratio shall not be less than 40dB
6. According to tolerated value of carrier beat ratio announced by the central administrative authority, each digital television channel of the system uses DVB-C standard; the signal quality at the subscriber terminal should conform to the following stipulations:
1. The signal level shall be between -12 dBmV and +15 dBmV. When the digital TV channel is adjacent to the analog TV channel, the signal level shall be over 3 dB lower than the video carrier level of the analog television channel.
2. The modulation error at 64 and 256 QAM shall not be less than 25 dB and 31dB.
3. The difference of the signal level between the adjacent TV channels shall not be greater than 3 dB.
4. The difference of the signal level shall not be greater than 8 dB in the 90MHz.
5. After the signal is being decoded, its error bit rate shall be less than 0.0001 before the error bit of its digital signal series are being corrected.
Article 16
In every cable FM broadcasting channel, the signal quality at the subscriber terminal shall conform to the following stipulations:
1. FM carrier level shall be in between –14 to +4 dBmV.
2. FM carrier noise ratio in mono sound shall not be less that 25 dB and not less than 45 dB in stereo sound
3. FM carrier beat level shall be 30 dB or more lower than the lowest FM carrier level
4. FM carrier level shall be 3 dB or smaller than the lowest video carrier level.
Article 17
Frequency spectrum characteristics of the analog television channel of the system at the subscriber terminal shall conform to the following stipulations:
1. Video carrier level difference between adjacent television channels shall not be greater than 3 dB
2. Video carrier level difference within any 90 MHz frequency in the system shall not be greater than 8 dB.
3. Any audio carrier level of the television signal within the system shall be 13-17 dB lower than the video carrier level.
4. Frequency response flatness of each television channel in the distribution network shall be within ±1 dB
Article 17-1
The audio volume of the system at the equipment of subscriber terminal shall comply with the rules in the following subparagraphs:
1. The difference of audio volume between two adjacent program channels shall not exceed 3 (dB) A.
2. The difference of audio volume between any two program channel shall not exceed 6 (dB)A.
3. The equal advertising volume (Advertising_Leq) in one program shall not exceed 3dB (A) to both equal audio volume of the previous program (Previous_Program_Leq) and equal audio volume of following program (Following_Program_Leq).
4. The maxim advertising volume (Advertising_Lmax) in one program shall not exceed more than 3dB (A) to both maximum audio volume of the previous program (Previous_Program_Lmax) and the maximum audio volume of following program (Following_Program_Lmax)
In each subparagraph of foregoing paragraph, the “A” in “dB (A)” shall be the Frequency-weighting “A” in CNS 7129
Article 17-2
The system operator shall set up head ends. Any head end that covers service to two or more municipalities directly under the central government or counties (cities) shall be equipped with recovery mechanisms and shall be at least 8 kilometers away.
Recovery mechanism facilities may be rented and shall provide subscribers with program and channel combinations that include must-carry for viewing, designated must-carry, public, self-made program tables.
Information of subscribers shall have remote backup and be updated each day.
Article 18
Frequency stability of the head-end analog television channel should conform to the following stipulations on each item:
1. Video and audio carrier frequency of the television channel shall differ less than 25 KHz from its allocated carrier frequency.
2. The difference of the video and audio carrier frequency of the television channel should be within 4.5 MHz - ±2 KHz
3. FM carrier frequency and its allocated carrier frequency shall differ less than 10 KHz.
Article 19
Television modulator of the head-end analog television channel, response difference in relation to the video carrier frequency +0.2 MHz should conform to the following stipulations of each item:
1. In between video carrier frequency minus 0.5 MHz to video carrier frequency plus 3.58 MHz shall be within ±1.5 dB
2. In video carrier frequency minus 0.75 MHz and video carrier frequency plus 4 MHz should be within +1 dB to –4 dB
3. Video carrier frequency minus 1.5 MHz shall be lower than 20 dB or above.
Article 20
The television signal processor of the head-end analog television channel, frequency response difference in relation to the video carrier frequency plus 0.2 MHz shall conform to the following stipulations:
1. In between video carrier frequency minus 0.5 MHz to video carrier frequency plus 3.58 MHz shall be within ±1.5 dB.
2. Video carrier frequency plus 4 MHz shall be between +1 and –2 dB.
Article 21
The differential gain of the head-end analog television modulator shall be less than 10%, difference phase should not exceed ±5 degrees.
Article 22
The transmission characteristics of the transmitted signal of the digital television channel shall conform to the international standards and the relevant Rules stipulated by the central administrative authority. Each program channel of digital TV should conform to one of the following stipulations:
1. Standard Quality Program: The program resolution must reach the standard quality, and 25 frames per second or more must be transmitted.
2. High Definition Program: The program resolution must reach the high definition quality, and 25 frames per second or more must be transmitted.
Article 22-1
The system uses IPTV standard, the transmitting characteristics of the signal shall conform to the following rules:
1. IP Jitter delays change shorter than 50 milliseconds (ms) on average.
2. The downstream digital signal shall not allow packet loss in five minutes or four times in one hour.
3. The upstream signal shall transmit controlling signals.
4. The upper stream signal transmitted in the rate of 64 kilobits (Kb) per second shall not fail more than 10 times in every 1000 times.
Article 23
The nominal characteristics impedance of the coaxial cable used in the system and the subscriber terminal should be 75 ohm.
Article 24
Isolation degree of subscriber terminal should be less than 20 dB.
Article 24-1
Subscriber drop line carrier to noise ratio should be less than 53 dB.
Article 24-2
Classification information for TV programs shall be transmitted along with digital channels provided by the system operator.
Digital set-top boxes installed after April 1, 2014 shall be equipped with classification information for TV programs and parent locks for time control. In addition, they shall be equipped with the function of updating firmware online.
Article 25
The system should possess enough electricity reserved as spare electric power for back up at the time of city electric power interruption.
Article 26
The system operator should self-prepare the following testing equipment:
1. Wave leakage testing equipment
2. Signal level meter
3. Frequency spectrum analysis meter
4. Ground resistance test meter
5. Digital signal analyzer capable of measuring error bit rate and power of digital signal, exempted of those non-digital broadcasting television signal transmitters.
Article 27
All equipment used in the system, design and setup of the system should undergo appropriate safety measures with necessary measures implemented. System operators should conduct tests periodically in order to prevent the personnel or equipment from suffering from thunder strikes, electric shocks and other possible harm.
Article 28
The cable layout of the distribution network should be clearly labeled out on the map or stored in electronic storage for queries by the relevant administrative authorities when necessary.
Distribution networks shall rent fiber counts and optical wave length.
Article 29
The head-end equipment of the system should have ground test meter protection device. For the safety protection of personnel and system equipment, the ground test meter device should have a ground test meter resistance of less than 15 Ω.
For cable built on stilts in the following plumb-line ground response of electric shafts (ground test meter resistance should be less than 50Ω):
1. Install underground up-leading electric shafts
2. Install electric shafts for cable television amplifier and power supplier
3. Install common stilt shafts for power transformer
4. First and last electric shaft for every sector of the cable network built on stilt
5. For continuous ten or more electric shafts of built on stilt cable network without any of the conditions mentioned above, every one in ten electric shafts.
Subscriber taps or subscriber drop line should be equipped with ground test meter device and located as close as possible to ground buildings. Its ground test meter resistance should be less than 100Ω; adopters of subscriber taps ground test meter device, under the safety conditions of subscribers within the network establishment range area, may have maximum three subscriber taps sharing one ground test meter device.
Article 30
When system operators are unable to transmit program signals through cable circuit due to topography, ground object obstructions or other practical problems may apply for installation of fixed-point micro wave station according to the Administrative Rules on Radio and Television Broadcaster Establishment of Microwave Stations.
Article 31
System operators in need of business broadcasting may apply for the set-up of an on-site micro wave station according to the Administrative Rules on Radio and Television Broadcaster Establishment of Microwave Stations.
Article 31-1
To respond to natural disasters or emergencies, the system operator shall have information transmission mechanisms regulated in Article 6 of Natural Disaster and Emergency Response Regulations for Cable TV System Operators, and its recovery mechanism facilities shall also fall under the same regulation.
Those who have installed digital set-top boxes after April 1, 2014 shall be able to designate specific programs and receive information.